There are a couple glossaries around. My sig has a link to my "meta-sig" which has links that wouldn't fit in my sig, including a glossary:
http://www.gassavers.org/showthread.php?t=7428
However, that one doesn't cover open/closed loop. Closed/open loop describes the two possible modes your car's computer might be using. Open loop is the mode your car uses when you've just started it, when it detects that something is broken, when you floor the gas pedal (in most cars), and for DFCO. Closed loop is the mode it uses under ordinary cruising and moderate acceleration conditions. Except for DFCO, you want to avoid open loop, since it ignores some sensors and uses pre-defined data to dispense fuel to the engine (which, obviously, it doesn't do during DFCO).